Meller’s chameleon, also known as the giant one-horned chameleon, is a large and colourful chameleon species native to the forests and savannas of East Africa. They can be found in the countries of Tanzania, Malawi, and Mozambique, as well as smaller populations in Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Meller’s chameleon Appearance
These chameleons are well-known for their distinctive one-horned protrusion on their nose, which is more prominent in males. They are also notable for their vibrant green, yellow, and blue colouration, which helps them blend into their surroundings in the wild.
Meller’s chameleon in the wild
In their natural habitat, Meller’s chameleons live in trees and shrubs, using their long, sticky tongues to capture insects and other small prey. They are also capable of changing their colouration to regulate their body temperature and to communicate with other chameleons.
Unfortunately, habitat loss due to deforestation and human development is a major threat to Meller’s chameleons, along with hunting for the pet trade. As a result, they are listed as a species of the least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, but are still in need of conservation efforts to ensure their survival in the wild.
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Characteristics
| Characteristic | Information |
| Scientific Name | Trioceros melleri |
| Average Height | 50-60 cm (20-24 in) for males, 30-40 cm (12-16 in) for females |
| Average Weight | 400-600 g (0.9-1.3 lbs) for males, 200-400 g (0.4-0.9 lbs) for females |
| Lifespan | 5-10 years in captivity |
| Original Habitat | Forests and savannas of East Africa |
| Colors | Vibrant green, yellow, and blue |
| Tank Requirements | Minimum enclosure size of 120 cm x 60 cm x 120 cm (48 in x 24 in x 48 in) for a single adult |
| UBV Lighting | Yes |
| Temperature | 26-29°C (79-84°F) |
| Humidity | 50-80% |
| Diet | Insects, occasional fruits and vegetables, dusted with supplements |
| Behavior | Solitary and territorial, males can be aggressive towards each other |
| Conservation Status | Listed as a species of least concern |
Meller’s chameleon Care
Enclosure Size and Type
Meller’s chameleons are arboreal and require a spacious enclosure that allows them to climb, bask, and move around freely. The minimum recommended enclosure size for a single adult is 120 cm x 60 cm x 120 cm (48 in x 24 in x 48 in), but larger enclosures are always better.
Multiple chameleons should be housed in larger enclosures with plenty of climbing areas and hiding spots.
Enclosure Type
A glass or screen enclosure with good ventilation is ideal for Meller’s chameleons. A naturalistic environment with live plants and branches can help provide hiding spots, climbing areas, and create a visually appealing enclosure.
Temperature
Temperature: Meller’s chameleons require a basking area with temperatures of 26-29°C (79-84°F), with a cooler area in the mid-20s°C (mid-70s°F) and a nighttime temperature drop to the low 20s°C (mid-60s°F).
Humidity
Humidity levels should be between 50-80%, which can be maintained by misting the enclosure multiple times a day and providing a water source for the chameleon to drink from.
Lighting
UVB lighting is essential for Meller’s chameleons to properly synthesize Vitamin D3. It is recommended to provide UVB lighting for 10-12 hours a day, with the light source placed at the top of the enclosure.
Substrate
A substrate of naturalistic materials such as coconut coir or organic soil can be used. Avoid using sand or other loose substrates that can cause impaction if ingested.
Live Plants and Branches
Live plants such as Pothos, Ficus, and Schefflera can provide a naturalistic environment and help maintain humidity levels. Additionally, provide branches and vines for climbing and hiding spots.
Overall, providing a naturalistic environment that mimics Meller’s chameleon’s natural habitat is essential for their health and wellbeing.
What to feed a Meller’s chameleon
A balanced diet is essential for the health and longevity of Meller’s chameleons. Their diet should consist primarily of gut-loaded insects such as crickets, roaches, and silkworms. Occasional fruits and vegetables can also be offered as treats or to provide additional nutrition. It is important to vary their diet to ensure they receive a range of nutrients.
Gut-Loading Insects
Gut-loading insects involves feeding them a nutritious diet for 24-48 hours before offering them to your chameleon. This ensures that the insects are nutritious and provide the necessary nutrients for your chameleon. Good gut-loading options include high-quality commercial gut-loading diets, fresh fruits and vegetables, and supplements.
Dusting Food with Supplements
Dusting your chameleon’s food with supplements helps ensure they receive the necessary vitamins and minerals that may be lacking in their diet. A good quality calcium supplement should be used at every feeding, while a multivitamin can be used once or twice a month.
Keeping your Meller’s chameleon hydrated
Meller’s chameleons require regular access to water to stay hydrated. Misting the enclosure multiple times a day can help maintain humidity levels and provide drinking water. A water source such as a drip system or a water dish should also be provided for them to drink from.
Handling a Meller’s chameleon
As with all chameleons, Meller’s chameleons are not recommended to be handled often or for long periods of time as it can cause stress and potentially harm the chameleon. However, there are ways to socialize with your chameleon and build a bond with them without handling them frequently.
Handling tips
When handling Meller’s chameleons, it is important to do so gently and with care. They should be approached slowly and calmly, and only handled for short periods of time. It is best to support their entire body when picking them up and avoid grabbing them by the tail, limbs, or head.
How to bond with your Meller’s chameleon
To establish trust and build a bond with your chameleon, spend time near their enclosure and speak to them in a calm and gentle tone. This will help them become accustomed to your presence and recognize you as a non-threatening individual. Avoid sudden movements or loud noises, which can cause stress to your chameleon.
You can also offer food to your chameleon by hand, which can help them associate you with positive experiences. Start by offering food using a pair of tongs, and gradually work towards offering food from your hand. It is important to note that not all chameleons will be comfortable with this and may require more time to establish trust.
It is important to remember that chameleons are not social animals and do not require interaction with humans for their wellbeing.